问HN：为什么在Python中，死代码检测比大多数工具所承认的要困难？
我一直在思考为什么在Python中，死代码检测（以及静态分析一般）相比其他语言感觉如此不可靠。我明白Python本质上是动态的。
理论上，这应该是简单的（再次强调，理论上）：解析抽象语法树（AST），构建调用图，找到引用为零的符号。但在实践中，由于许多因素，这一过程很快就会失效，例如：
1. 动态调度（getattr、注册表、插件系统）
2. 框架入口点（Flask/FastAPI路由、Django视图、pytest夹具）
3. 装饰器和隐式命名约定
4. 仅通过测试或运行时配置调用的代码
大多数工具似乎在两种糟糕的权衡中选择其一：
1. 保守处理，错过大量真正的死代码
2. 激进处理，标记假阳性，导致人们失去信任
到目前为止，对我来说最有效的方法是将代码视为一种置信度评分，并结合一些有限的运行时信息（例如，测试期间实际执行的内容），而不是完全依赖静态分析。
我很好奇其他人在实际代码库中是如何处理这个问题的……你们是接受假阳性吗？还是完全忽视死代码检测？有没有人见过实际可扩展的方法？我知道SonarQube的噪音很大。
我构建了一个带有vsce扩展的库，主要是为了探索这些权衡（如果相关，链接在下面），但我更感兴趣的是其他人是如何看待这个问题的。希望我在正确的频道。
上下文的代码库： https://github.com/duriantaco/skylos
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I’ve been thinking about why dead code detection (and static analysis in general) feels so unreliable in Python compared to other languages. I understand that Python is generally dynamic in nature.<p>In theory it should be simple(again in theory): parse the AST, build a call graph, find symbols with zero references. In practice it breaks down quickly because of many things like:<p>1. dynamic dispatch (getattr, registries, plugin systems)<p>2. framework entrypoints (Flask/FastAPI routes, Django views, pytest fixtures)<p>3. decorators and implicit naming conventions<p>4. code invoked only via tests or runtime configuration<p>Most tools seem to pick one of two bad tradeoffs:<p>1. be conservative and miss lots of genuinely dead code<p>or<p>2. be aggressive and flag false positives that people stop trusting<p>What’s worked best for me so far is treating the code as sort of a confidence score, plus some layering in limited runtime info (e.g. what actually executed during tests) instead of relying on 100% static analysis.<p>Curious how others handle this in real codebases..<p>Do yall just accept false positives? or do yall ignore dead code detection entirely? have anyone seen approaches that actually scale? I am aware that sonarqube is very noisy.<p>I built a library with a vsce extension, mainly to explore these tradeoffs (link below if relevant), but I’m more interested in how others think about the problem. Also hope I'm in the right channel<p>Repo for context: https://github.com/duriantaco/skylos